What sets a plug-in hybrid apart from a conventional full hybrid?
- A smaller engine with no starter motor
- A 48 V system in place of a high-voltage one
- A larger battery that charges from the grid
- A motor that cannot drive the wheels
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C. A larger battery that charges from the grid
A plug-in carries a bigger pack and a charge port so it can cover meaningful distance on grid electricity. A normal hybrid recharges only from the engine and braking.
Reference: Vehicle electrification types
Connecting battery cells in series does what?
- Raises amp-hours; voltage stays the same
- Raises both voltage and amp-hours
- Lowers voltage and raises amp-hours
- Raises voltage; amp-hours stay the same
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D. Raises voltage; amp-hours stay the same
Series cells add their voltages while the same current flows through each, so capacity in amp-hours is unchanged. Adding amp-hours takes parallel connection.
Reference: Series and parallel circuits
What happens to regenerative braking when the battery is fully charged?
- It is reduced and friction brakes do more
- It gets stronger to burn off energy
- It continues and charges the 12 V battery
- It is unchanged at any state of charge
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A. It is reduced and friction brakes do more
A full battery has nowhere to put the energy, so the controller cuts regeneration and makes up the difference hydraulically. Drivers notice it on a long downhill after a full charge.
Reference: Regenerative braking limits